Notes:

Goku = NES.
Base form, the form they start off as.

Super Saiyan = SNES.
By adding Super, it becomes stronger.

Virtual Boy = Ultra Super Saiyan
It had a lot of promising potential, but it's power was too great that it became its own weakness.

Super Saiyan 2 = Nintendo 64
Was an even stronger version of Super, almost looking the same, but not quite.

Super Saiyan 3 = Nintendo Gamecube
It goes even further beyond, to the realm of discs.

Super Saiyan God = Nintendo Wii
Strong enough to contend with the gods of the gaming market at that time.

Super Saiyan Blue = Nintendo Wii U
Not much different to its God form, but is often defeated for arbitrary reasons.

Ultra Instinct = Nintendo Switch
The ultimate culmination of power.